Runny nose, sneezing, congestion, and fatigue are common during winter and early spring. But how do you know whether you’re dealing with a common cold, the flu, or allergies? While symptoms may overlap, the cause and the right treatment can be very different.
Table of contents
- Common Cold
- Influenza (Flu)
- Allergies
- Key Differences at a Glance
- When to See an Allergy & Immunology Specialist
Estimated reading time: 2 minutes
Common Cold
The common cold is caused by a virus and usually develops gradually.
Symptoms may include:
- Stuffy or runny nose
- Sneezing
- Sore throat
- Mild cough
- Mild fatigue
Colds typically last 3–10 days and usually do not cause a high fever in adults.
Resource: acaai.org/resource
Influenza (Flu)
The flu is also caused by a virus, but symptoms are usually more severe and appear suddenly.
Symptoms may include:
- High fever
- Chills
- Muscle or body aches
- Headache
- Severe fatigue
- Dry cough
Flu symptoms can last 1–2 weeks or longer and may lead to complications, especially in people with asthma or chronic conditions.
Resource: mayoclinic.org
Allergies
Allergies are not caused by a virus. They occur when the immune system reacts to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, or pet dander.
Symptoms may include:
- Sneezing
- Clear runny nose
- Nasal congestion
- Itchy eyes, nose, or throat
- Watery eye
Allergies do not cause fever, and symptoms may last weeks or months if exposure continues.
Resource: acaai.org
Key Differences at a Glance
- Fever: flu (yes), cold (rare), allergies (no)
- Itchy eyes: allergies
- Body aches: flu
- Long-lasting symptoms: allergies
When to See an Allergy & Immunology Specialist
You should consider seeing an allergist if:
- Symptoms keep coming back
- You’re frequently “sick.”
- Medications aren’t working
- You have asthma or recurrent infections
- You’re unsure what’s triggering symptoms
An allergist can identify triggers, rule out immune conditions, and create a personalized treatment plan.
If you’re not sure what’s causing your symptoms, we’re here to help. Schedule a consultation with Asthma and Allergy Associates. Our experts can help you build a plan tailored to your needs.
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